In 2021, attackers exploited vulnerabilities in Zoho’s ManageEngine ADSelfService Plus, a password-management and single-sign-on product used by organizations to control access to enterprise systems. Zoho released a security patch in September 2021, but the vulnerability was subsequently used against the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in January 2022. The incident compromised data relating to approximately 515,000 people, according to the source.
The breach exposed the risks of concentrating authentication and identity controls in third-party enterprise software: a flaw in a security product could provide attackers with a path into highly sensitive organizational environments. The ICRC acknowledged that it had not applied Zoho’s September 2021 patch before the attack, making delayed remediation a central factor in the incident. The source identifies no settlement, fine, criminal prosecution, executive dismissal, or disclosed financial loss arising from the breach, but the episode remains a significant security failure involving a product marketed to protect access rather than merely store business data.