During the SARS outbreak in late 2002 and early 2003, mainland Chinese authorities drastically understated the number of reported cases. On 4 April 2003, PLA General Hospital chief physician Jiang Yanyong sent an 800-word letter to CCTV-4 and Phoenix TV asserting that military hospitals were treating far more SARS patients than the government acknowledged. After the letter was leaked, The Wall Street Journal interviewed Jiang on 8 April, and Time published the translated account under the headline “Beijing’s SARS Attack.”
The disclosure prompted the resignation of Beijing’s mayor and China’s minister of public health on 21 April 2003, after which the government began addressing the epidemic more openly. Public-health experts credited the change with helping prevent SARS from reaching pandemic proportions. Jiang later faced state retaliation: he was placed under military custody in June 2004 and released on 19 July, and friends reported de facto house arrest after he criticized the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown in a 2019 letter to Xi Jinping. He received the 2004 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Public Service and died on 11 March 2023.